WS Browser Privacy Policy

This Privacy Policy was updated and became effective on May 22, 2026.

Introduction

WS Browser is a platform through which WS BROWSER SDN. BHD. and its affiliates (collectively, “WS” or “we”) provide services to users (“you”). Through the WS Browser Privacy Policy (“this Privacy Policy”), we aim to clearly explain how we process and protect your personal information when you use the products or services we provide.

1. Scope of Application

1. Scope

This Privacy Policy applies to all basic feature services of the “WS Browser” app provided to you by WS, including the Android and iOS versions. Basic features refer to the services we provide through “WS Browser”, such as searching for and visiting web pages, browsing content, downloading files, and security protection. This Privacy Policy does not apply to products or services provided by third-party platforms that you access through “WS Browser”. When you use products or services provided by third-party platforms, please carefully read the privacy policies or similar statements of those third-party platforms and make your decisions with caution.

2. Basis for Processing Personal Information

Before you start using our basic features, please be sure to carefully read and understand this Privacy Policy, especially the terms marked in bold, and make sure you fully understand and agree to them before using the app. If you agree to this Privacy Policy, it only means that you agree to the collection of personal information necessary for using the basic features.

2. What Information We Collect and How We Use It

WS Browser does not require account registration to use any basic feature. We do not associate your data with any account, upload it to the cloud, or use it for cross-platform advertising tracking. We follow the principles of fairness, lawfulness, and necessity, and collect and use your information only to provide basic feature services.

(1) Searching for and Visiting Web Pages

1. Standard Mode

In this mode, you can use the browser to search for and access web content. To ensure the feature works properly, we read or process the following information locally:

System language and region settings: We read your device language and regional preferences to localize the interface, including support for right-to-left layouts such as Arabic. This information is used only locally in the app and is not uploaded to our servers.
Search keywords: Stored only locally on your device to enable search history and make it easier for you to revisit or re-enter searches. We do not upload your search keywords to our servers.
Clipboard data, triggered only when you actively copy, paste, or tap a paste entry point: Used for quick pasting in the address bar. We do not save this information and do not read your clipboard content in the background.

2. Private Browsing Mode

In Private Browsing mode:

Your browsing history, search history, cookies, and website data are not saved.
Any information you enter in forms is not saved.
Tab session data is kept temporarily only during the current use and is automatically cleared when you close private tabs or the app is terminated.

Private Browsing mode helps prevent other users of your device from viewing your browsing history through this app, but it does not make you anonymous to the websites you visit, search engines, network service providers, or network administrators.

(2) Browsing Web Pages

When you use WS Browser to access web pages:

Browsing history is stored only locally on your device and is not uploaded to our servers. You can clear it at any time through “Settings > Clear All Browsing Data”.
Bookmarks are stored only locally on your device and are not synced to the cloud.
Reading List items are stored only locally on your device.
To provide necessary localized web display features, regional adaptation may be applied based on your device language and region, and will not be used for other purposes.
To help protect browsing security, we collect the registered root domain name of websites you visit, such as example.com, and send it to our security service to identify suspicious websites. We do not upload the full web address, page title, page content, or information you enter on web pages.
When domain security checks are performed, the server may receive necessary network information such as your connection IP address and request time as part of network communication. We use this information only to complete security checks, maintain service stability, and investigate security risks. We do not use it for advertising tracking or user profiling.
Security alerts are provided for reference only and do not constitute an absolute determination of the target website’s content. Given the complexity and real-time changes of internet threats, WS Browser’s security identification feature is based on current technical capabilities and partner databases. It cannot guarantee 100% detection of all potentially risky URLs, and WS assumes no legal liability for false negatives or algorithm-related false positives.
Website icons and tab screenshots are stored only locally on your device for bookmark display and tab switching previews.

(3) File Downloads

To provide download services, we use the following information:

Download URL, file name, and download path, used only to implement the download feature and stored in the download history database on your device.
Downloaded files are saved by default to the app’s local directory or to a system-permitted download directory. We do not upload your downloaded files to any server.
On Android, if you choose to save a file to the system “Downloads” folder or another public directory, the file may be visible in the system file manager or other apps with the corresponding access capability.
On iOS, downloaded files are saved by default in the app sandbox directory. If you actively choose to export them through system sharing, Save to Files, or similar methods, the exported files will be managed by the system or the destination app.
You can access, rename, and delete downloaded files in the in-app download manager.

(4) Security Protection

To protect your security when using the app, we will:

Perform risk checks on websites you visit through the domain security service, as described in the “Browsing Web Pages” section above.
Dynamically obtain the search engine list from our server. Requests do not include your search keywords, browsing history, bookmarks, download records, or other personal browsing data.
Perform necessary local processing for basic security capabilities such as abnormal crash handling, malicious webpage blocking, and download security alerts.

(5) System Permissions

WS Browser requests necessary system permissions only when required to provide specific features, and those permissions require your active authorization.

1. Android System Permissions

Network access permission: Used for basic features such as browsing web pages, downloading files, performing domain security checks, and obtaining the search engine list.
Camera permission: Your explicit authorization is required when you use QR code scanning to access web pages, or when a webpage requests photo or video capabilities.
Microphone permission: Your explicit authorization is required when features on a webpage, such as voice input or audio/video calls, request microphone access.
Location permission: Your explicit authorization is required when webpage features such as maps or nearby services request location information.
Notification permission: On Android 13 and above, your explicit authorization is required if you want to receive notifications such as download completion reminders or webpage notifications.
File access or system file picker capability: When you upload files, save files, or choose a download path, the Android system file picker, media picker, or system download capability may be invoked. We do not read your file contents unless you actively select them.

You can view, modify, or revoke related permissions at any time in Android under “Settings > Apps > WS Browser > Permissions”. The settings path may vary slightly by Android device manufacturer. Please refer to the actual system display.

2. iOS System Permissions

Network access permission: Used for basic features such as browsing web pages, downloading files, performing domain security checks, and obtaining the search engine list.
Camera permission: Your explicit authorization is required when you use QR code scanning to access web pages, or when a webpage requests photo or video capabilities.
Microphone permission: Your explicit authorization is required when features on a webpage, such as voice input or audio/video calls, request microphone access.
Location permission: Your explicit authorization is required when webpage features such as maps or nearby services request location information.
Photos, files, or system picker capability: When you upload images, upload files, save files, or export content through system sharing, the iOS system picker or share sheet may be invoked. We do not read your photos or file contents unless you actively select them.

You can view, modify, or revoke related permissions at any time in iOS under “Settings > Privacy & Security” or “Settings > WS Browser”.

(1) Entrusted Processing

To provide more complete products or services, certain features may be provided by our partners. We may entrust partners to process some of your personal information, such as infrastructure technology services, storage services, data processing services, and domain security check services. We will enter into strict data processing agreements with entrusted parties, clearly specifying the processing matters, period, nature, purpose, and responsibilities of both parties, and requiring them to process your personal information only in accordance with our requirements and this Privacy Policy.

When you expressly consent or actively choose to do so, we will share information within the scope of your authorization with the third parties you designate, such as sharing webpage links, webpage titles, downloaded files, or other content to third-party platforms through the browser’s sharing feature.

2. Interaction with Search Engines

When you perform a search, your query will be sent directly to the search engine you choose, such as Google, Bing, or Baidu. WS Browser does not intercept or record the queries you send to search engines. Your use of these search engine services is subject to their respective privacy policies.

3. Interaction with Websites and Web Services

When you visit third-party websites, those websites may collect access logs, cookies, device information, account information, form input, and other information according to their own service needs. Such information is processed by the third-party websites themselves, and WS Browser cannot control the privacy practices of third-party websites. Please read their privacy policies before using the relevant website services.

We share necessary information with third parties only for lawful, legitimate, and necessary purposes, and require them to adopt sufficient security safeguards and strictly comply with applicable laws and regulations.

(3) Transfer

Except in the following circumstances, WS will not transfer your personal information to any entity:

We have obtained your explicit consent.
If WS undergoes a merger, acquisition, or asset transfer, personal information may be transferred. We will inform you in advance through in-app notices, announcements, or other appropriate means, and protect your related rights.
Circumstances already described in this Privacy Policy or otherwise notified to you.

(4) Public Disclosure

WS may publicly disclose your personal information in the following circumstances:

We have obtained your explicit consent, or you actively disclose information through our services.
As required by applicable law, legal process, litigation, or lawful requests from competent government authorities.

4. How We Protect Your Personal Information

(1) Security Measures

We are committed to protecting the security of your personal information. To prevent information from being leaked, damaged, misused, accessed without authorization, disclosed without authorization, or altered, we take the following measures:

In the Android version of WS Browser, local data is stored through the app-private directory, SQLite, SharedPreferences, and similar methods managed by the Android system, and is protected by the Android app sandbox mechanism.
In the iOS version of WS Browser, local data is stored through the app sandbox, SQLite, UserDefaults, and similar methods managed by the iOS system, and is protected by the iOS sandbox mechanism and data protection mechanisms.
Data in transit is encrypted via HTTPS.
Necessary sensitive configurations or security-related information are protected using secure storage capabilities provided by the system.
We conduct regular security and privacy protection training to improve our team’s awareness of protection.
We conduct data security due diligence on partners and sign data processing agreements to clarify responsibilities and obligations.

(2) Personal Information Security Incidents

Although we have taken necessary protective measures, the internet is not absolutely secure. If an information security incident occurs, we will immediately activate our emergency response plan, take reasonable measures to reduce risks, and inform you in a timely manner of:

The basic circumstances and impact of the security incident.
The measures we have taken or will take.
The preventive measures you may take.
Remedies available to you.

5. How We Store Your Personal Information

(1) Storage Location

Your personal browsing data, including history, bookmarks, Reading List, download records, and app settings, is stored only locally on your device. We do not perform cloud synchronization.

(2) Retention Period

Local data is under your control, and you may clear it at any time through in-app settings or by uninstalling the app.

(3) Deletion and Uninstallation

You can clear local history, cache, cookies, and website data at any time through “Settings > Clear All Browsing Data”.
You can delete relevant data in the corresponding features such as Bookmarks, Reading List, and Download Manager.
On iOS, after you uninstall this app, data stored in the app sandbox will be deleted from your device.
On Android, after you uninstall this app, data stored in the app-private directory will be deleted from your device.
If you actively save downloaded files to a public system directory on Android, such as the “Downloads” folder, those files may not be automatically deleted when the app is uninstalled. You can delete them yourself through the system file manager.

6. Protection of Minors

We attach great importance to protecting the personal information of minors. This app is not intended for children under the age of 18, and we do not knowingly collect children’s personal information. If you are a minor under the age of 18, please use this app only after your parent or guardian has carefully read and agreed to this Privacy Policy. If you are the guardian of a minor and have any questions about the personal information of the minor under your guardianship, please contact us using the contact details provided in this Policy. If we discover that we have collected a minor’s personal information without verifiable guardian consent, we will immediately take steps to delete the relevant data.

7. Your Personal Information Rights

Whenever you use our services, we will do our best to ensure that you can conveniently exercise the following rights:

(1) Right of Access

You can view your browsing history, bookmarks, Reading List, and download records in the app at any time.

(2) Right to Rectification

You can directly edit or modify information such as bookmarks and downloaded file names on the corresponding feature pages, or contact us using the contact details provided in this Policy.

(3) Right to Deletion

You may request deletion of personal information in the following circumstances:

We process your information in violation of our agreement.
The processing purpose has been achieved or can no longer be achieved.
You withdraw your consent.
Other reasonable circumstances.

You can directly delete data in the following ways:

Clear browsing history: Settings > Clear All Browsing Data.
Delete bookmarks: Bookmarks page > Edit.
Delete Reading List: Reading List page > Edit.
Delete downloaded files: Download Manager > Delete.
Clear cache, cookies, and website data: Settings > Clear All Browsing Data.
Permanently clear data in the app-private directory: Uninstall this app.

(4) Withdrawal of Authorization

You can withdraw or modify authorization for system permissions such as camera, microphone, location, and notifications at any time through system settings.

The Android path is usually: “Settings > Apps > WS Browser > Permissions”.
The iOS path is usually: “Settings > Privacy & Security” or “Settings > WS Browser”.

After authorization is withdrawn, the corresponding features will no longer be available, but this will not affect processing already completed based on your authorization before the withdrawal.

(5) Account Deletion

WS Browser does not require account registration, so there is no account deletion process. After you uninstall the app, local data in the app-private directory will be cleared accordingly.

(6) Responding to Requests

You can exercise the above rights using the contact details provided in this Policy. To protect security, we may need to verify the identity associated with your request. We will complete processing within 15 business days after receiving your request. In the following circumstances, we may be unable to fulfill your request:

It involves national security, public security, or the public interest.
It may cause serious harm to the legitimate rights and interests of us or other users.
Applicable laws and regulations provide otherwise.

8. Notices and Revisions

To provide you with better products or services, this Privacy Policy may be updated from time to time. We will notify you of changes through in-app notices or by updating the “effective date” at the top of this document. If you do not agree to the revised content, please stop using WS Browser immediately. If you continue to use it, you will be deemed to have accepted the revised Policy.

9. Contact Us

If you wish to exercise the rights described in this Policy, or if you have any comments or questions about our privacy protection, please contact us as follows:

WS BROWSER SDN. BHD.

Email: [email protected]

Address:

Response Time: We will complete processing within 15 business days after receiving your request.